Development of Green Energy as a Way to Energy Independence of the National Economy: Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57125/FEL.2022.12.25.05Keywords:
renewable energy sources, international experience, autonomy, clean energy, Russian-Ukrainian warAbstract
This study aims to analyze the international experience in the development of green energy and assess the potential for applying successful strategies in Ukraine to enhance the country's energy independence. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses, and includes a systematic literature review. The study reveals that Ukraine can benefit from Lithuania's experience on its path to energy independence. The analysis highlights that the level of energy development is closely tied to a country's innovation potential. It was found that the Ukrainian innovation market has been significantly impacted by the Russian-Ukrainian war, as reflected in Ukraine's position on the Global Innovation Index and the European Innovation Index. This decline has affected the progress of green energy in Ukraine, yet it does not pose an insurmountable barrier to further improvements. Lithuania's approach to increasing energy independence is particularly relevant for Ukraine. Drawing on Lithuania's experience, it is crucial for Ukraine to focus on the development of wind energy, solar energy, small hydroelectric power plants, and energy production based on biomass and biofuels. Although these developments require financial investments, which pose a risk in the context of the ongoing conflict, they are essential for enhancing energy independence, reducing environmental impacts, and improving socio-economic conditions. Thus, the potential benefits outweigh the associated risks.
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